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Both of architectural and political standpoint, the county halls
merít a special place in the history of the Hungarian classicistic
architecture.
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Fényképalbum |
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In the first half of the last century the political and social
importance of the counties-being centres of the public
administratkm-has enlarged: they became the basis of the national
reform movement, aiming at the achievement of national indepen-dence,
creation of self-governing state and civic change, which movement,
in its fínal stage, led to the 1848 revolution and war of
independence.
One form of the struggle fought for social change was the fight led
on non-political field and by non-political means to create a
national culture-to establish Hungarían as officiallan-guage-, to
form the national literature, science, theatre, architecture and
fine arts.
Immediately after national language and literature the architecture
became important, as exactly this art of strong surrounding-forming
capacity possessed all intellectual and techni-cal capacity to meet—in
an absolutely adequate way-the demands. New tasks were set to the
architecture: a whole rangé of buildings of public destination had
to be built, such as museums-county halls-theatres, etc.
These institutions had to get stately edifices, - where the
architecture itself already represents the dignity of the
institutions and the part they held in the national renaissance.
In our age the country Pest-Pilis-Solt has gained a leading part:
its generál assemblies were considered as national instance, the
opinion of which meant the country's opinion. This posi-tions was
due-in addition to the intellectual and political vitality of the
country's leading gentility-to the geographically central situation
of this county. It was alsó of the greatest value that the County
Hall had been erected, and is still standing in Pest, which became
exactly in those times the real capital of Hungary,-the intellectual,
socialpolitical and cultural centre of the country.
It is, therefore, not by chance that the county, playing leading a
role in the political life of the country, sets amongst the first
counties to enlarge the County Hall, thus creating a rep-resentative,
worthy milieu for its activity.
A régi Pesti Vármegyeháza
Vasquez Károlynak az 1830-as évek végén megjelent térképsorozatát
szegélyező épületrajzok egyike (színezett kőnyomat)
The county
Pest-Pilis-Solt placed its seat to Pest after the driving of the
Turcs from Hungary. In 1695 and 1696 the county estates purchased
the piece of ground, marked by No. 32 on the contemporary maps,
together with the mediaeval edifice in ruins on the west side. This
one-storey building has been restored for the purposes of a seat,
and in the course of the 18th century it was renovated several times.
Also a wing was added in the meantime. In 1773-1774 the
reconstruction and a new courtyard cross wing had been planned. The
architect Johann Mayerhoffer, elaborated plans for the work, but due
to the rather unfavourable political situ-ation, the building never
came to realization at those times.
The still existing edifice-complex of classicistic style was built
in the first half of the last century, in 3 phases.
In the years following the turn of the century, the county's
activity and apparatus became largely swollen, and this by involving
the economically strengthened médium landow-ner—and smallholder
nobility, into the public administration. The county halls proyed to
be much too small to house all county institutes and offices. Just
because of this the County decided to enlarge the County Hall on a
large scale. Hild János was entrusted with the elab-oration of the
plans, who, on account of the elaboration of the lay-out and
embellishment plans of the City Pest gained, great reputation at
those times.
Hild János ereeted, between 1804 and 1811 the central part of the
County Hall. This building includes the generál assembly rom of
imposing dimensions,-(see the "assembly photo"), the unique interior
space of our early classicistic architecture, and the central
prísoners' chapel, unique in its architecture, as well.
From 1822 on a further renovation of the building was planned. In
1823 the greatest of Hungárián classicist architects: Pollack Mihály
and the master builder: Hofrichter József (this letter being in the
service of the county proved his strong artistic sense)-have been
invited to make up the pláne of the privats accomodation buildings
of the County Hall. The realization of the plans has never reached
fulfilment as in the 1820-s the supreme governmen-tal authority—the
Governor's Council-in the prime of its political power-did not give
his consent to the building. But alsó the county itself made the
commencing of the building dif-ficult, for contrary to the
architects asked especially to elaborate the plans, judged the study
plans of the official critics: Detsy József, county engineer, and
Düttrich József, architect, as more suitable to be realized.
On the other hand, this latter's plans could not have been realized
either, as the political situation remained utterly imfavourable.
The country and the county hoped a change for better, just on the
part of the national assembly, convocated in 1825, to which
everybody locked for with the greatest interest. At last Hofrichter
József had been entrusted with the erection of the building in 1829.
He elaborated the plan
of the edifice-probably-with the utilization and modification of
before-said plans, including his own ones, made in 1823. Hofrichter
terminated the building in 1832. The technical literature considers
his work as a full success, all the more as the moderately förmed
frontal part, its noble and reserved character remains purposely in
the background, in comparison with the very decorarive main edifice,
built up later.
The main building of the County Hall—the third unit of the
classicistic edifice complex, -was erected between 1838 and 1842, by
Zitterbarth Mátyás Jr.
The county decided already in the twenties that in place of the old
main building a new, imposing edifice should be erected, but the
realization had been postponed, because of the protraction of the
works of the residential building. The inundation of 1838 damaged,
how-ever, the many centuries-old main building to such a degree that
it had to be condamned to get demolished. From the elaborated plans
the County accepted those of Zitterbarth Mátyás, Jr. The course of
the buildings was interrupted only by the dispute with the Committee
for Embellishment, this being in charge of controling and
supervising the edifices of the City Pest as to the point of view of
building esthetícs and town development.
The porticus of the new building would have stood out too much on
the driveway, thus the Committee for Embellishment asked the County
to modify the plans in piacing the edifice farther. The
mo-dification of the plan was effected partly with the County's
consent, partly without it: the architect replanned the faiadé of
the building: the porticus was transformed in a way that the jutting
out was diminished but,-for the sake of largeness-the wall behind
the column-row had been lowered, as a consequence of which, by the
light-and-shadow effects, the dimen-sions of the column-row got
increased, and thus it looks like something more intensified and
larger than its actual dimension.
This daríng formánon of the fagade touches the possibilitíes and
marks of the classicistic style, at the same time it shows that the
style reached its peak. The representative frontal parts embrace
elegant interior rooms, while the faiadé overlooking the
courtyard,-the row of arcades running on three levels form one of
the most romantic inner part of the County Hall's Courtyard.
In 1842 the building of the classicistic styled edifice complex of
the Country Pest-Pilis-Solt came to end: the three units composed a
varied yet harmonical city. The County erected such a seat for
itself which diffuses authority, and forms a worthy frame for events
of historical importance, to take place here.
It was among these walls that Kossuth made his famous speeches, here
discussed national-important matters Széchenyi István-the Greatest
Hungárián—Nyáry Pál, Szentkirályi Móricz, all leading figures of the
Hungárián history in the past century.
Between 1842 and 1950 the building served as the seat of the
County,-from 1950 on, as a consequence of the formation of the City
Councils-it became the seat of the Central Coun-cil of Pest County. |
HIRDETÉS
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Data |
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 Tervezője:
Hild János
Építés
éve: 1805-1821
Stílusa:
klasszicista
Funkciója:
középület
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Ferenciek tere |
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300m (10 perc) |
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HIRDETÉS
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